RACK/ELECTRICAL

V_{rms}

Power & voltage

Translate amplifier watts into volts and amps.

Inputs

YOUR SYSTEM

Output power

110000

Nominal impedance

132

Result

METER

RMS output voltage

63.2V RMS

For a sine wave into the selected nominal load

RMS current

7.91A

Peak voltage

89.4V

Peak-to-peak voltage

178.9V

Amplifier output waveform: Resistive sine-wave load

How it works

Useful numbers for amplifier setup.

Power, voltage and impedance are linked by Ohm's law. RMS voltage is the equivalent heating voltage; a sine wave reaches peaks that are 1.414 times higher.

The formula

V_{\text{rms}} = \sqrt{P \cdot Z}

I_{\text{rms}} = \sqrt{\frac{P}{Z}}

$P$ — average power in watts
$Z$ — resistive load in $\Omega$
$V_{\text{peak}}$ — $V_{\text{peak}} = V_{\text{rms}} \cdot \sqrt{2}$

Worth knowing

A true-RMS meter can help verify an amplifier output using a suitable test signal and load. A voltage figure alone is not a complete loudspeaker limiter setting.

Assumptions

Assumes a resistive load and a sine wave. Real loudspeakers are reactive, and music has a different crest factor. High-power amplifier outputs can present an electrical hazard.

Related calculators

Amplifier power Impedance & Cable Loss Ohm's law